Paramedic National Registry Practice

What vital sign changes are commonly observed in cases of severe dehydration?

1. Bradycardia and hypertension

2. Hypotension and tachycardia

3. Normal blood pressure with bradycardia

4. Hypertension and bradypnea

The correct answer is: Hypotension and tachycardia

Severe dehydration typically leads to significant changes in vital signs due to the body's response to decreased fluid volume. One of the hallmark responses to dehydration is hypotension, or low blood pressure. This occurs because there isn't enough fluid in the circulatory system to maintain adequate pressure. The reduction in blood volume can cause the heart to work harder to pump blood, often resulting in tachycardia, or an increased heart rate. The body compensates for low blood pressure by increasing heart rate to ensure adequate perfusion of vital organs. In summary, hypotension and tachycardia are common vital sign changes observed in severe dehydration as the body attempts to adapt to the loss of fluid and maintain circulation. This understanding is crucial for recognizing and managing patients who may be experiencing severe dehydration.